Birth birth ... Speech problems

Birth birth ... Speech problems



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Birth defect ... Speech problems
Posted on 9th June 2018
Dr.Gitesh sent this photo stating that. .......Good evening sir
Birth defect .
Renuka Behera 13 years old : Unable to talk & hear , naturally .
She can't talk loudelly , speak slow with clear voice , and slow sound can't absorbed .
She can write and read with beautiful handwriting as she is .
When you were younger and first began talking, you may have lisped, stuttered, or had a hard time pronouncing words. Maybe you were told that it was "cute," or not to worry because you would soon grow out of it. But if you're in your teens and still stuttering, you may not feel like it's so endearing.
You're not alone. More than 3 million Americans have the speech disorder known as stuttering (or stammering, as it's known in Britain). It's one of several conditions that can affect a person's ability to speak clearly.
Some Common Speech and Language Disorders
Stuttering is a problem that interferes with fluent (flowing and easy) speech. A person who stutters may repeat the first part of a word (as in wa-wa-wa-water) or hold a single sound for a long time (as in caaaaaaake). Some people who stutter have trouble getting sounds out altogether. Stuttering is complex, and it can affect speech in many different ways.
Articulation disorders involve a wide range of errors people can make when talking. Substituting a "w" for an "r" ("wabbit" for "rabbit"), omitting sounds ("cool" for "school"), or adding sounds to words ("pinanio" for "piano") are examples of articulation errors. Lispingrefers to specific substitution involving the letters "s" and "z." A person who lisps replaces those sounds with "th" ("simple" sounds like "thimple").
Cluttering is another problem that makes a person's speech difficult to understand. Like stuttering, cluttering affects the fluency, or flow, of a person's speech. The difference is that stuttering is a speech disorder, while cluttering is a language disorder. People who stutter have trouble getting out what they want to say; those who clutter say what they're thinking, but it becomes disorganized as they're speaking. So, someone who clutters may speak in bursts or pause in unexpected places. The rhythm of cluttered speech may sound jerky, rather than smooth, and the speaker is often unaware of the problem.
Apraxia (also known as verbal apraxia or dyspraxia) is an oral-motor speech disorder. People with this problem have difficulty moving the muscles and structures needed to form speech sounds into words.
My advise
1... Speech problems are common in small children, and all make many mistakes as they learn to talk. However, some speech troubles can be a sign of a speech disorder or language delay. A range of things can interfere with speech development, so early detection and treatment is important.
2.....  Even though children vary widely in their development of speech and language, there are certain ‘milestones’ that can be identified as a rough guide to normal development. Typically, these skills must be reached at certain ages before more complex skills can be learned. These broad rules of thumb apply to most children:
3.....    Children with an expressive language disorder have problems using language to express what they need or what they are thinking. These children may:
  • Have a difficult time putting words together to create a sentence, or their sentences may be simple and short and the words may not be in order
  • Have a hard time finding the right words when talking, and often use placeholder words such as “um”
  • Have a vocabulary that is below the level of other children their age
  • Repeat certain phrases over and over again, and repeat (echo) parts or all of questions
  • Have improper use of tenses (past, present, future)
  • Leave words out of sentences when talking
4...    As mentioned above, some speech issues can stem from hearing issues, so it is important to first rule out auditory challenges. If hearing is not the issue, parents should take their child to their pediatrician. Your pediatrician will evaluate and then refer the child to a speech-language pathologist if they feel it is necessary. An immediate referral for evaluation is always appropriate if parents suspect a speech or language disorder.
5...   Early intervention is very important when a child has a speech or language problem. Speech-language therapy is the best approach, and children may need psychological therapy, including psychotherapy, counseling, cognitive therapy, and/or behavioral therapy due to the possibility of related emotional or behavioral problems.
6..... A number of underlying conditions, injuries, and disabilities can cause speech delays and language disorders.  Birth injuries can cause damage to parts of the brain involved in producing, understanding, and synthesizing speech and language. Birth injuries that can cause brain injury and resultant speech and language disabilities include
a..    Birth asphyxia:::which occurs when the baby doesn’t get enough oxygen during or near the time of birth. Birth asphyxia can lead to a form of brain damage known as hypoxic-ischemic eneephalopathy  (HIE) and a variety of other birth injuries.
b....  Periventricular leukomalacia(PVL)  which can also be caused by birth asphyxia. PVL involves damage to the brain’s white matter
c...   Brain bleeds:::extracranial and intracranial hemorrhages 
d.. Other infections
7...... The above are scientific causes for speech problems.
8... Take care and prevent such birth defects
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