Types of Birth defects

Types of Birth defects




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Types of Birth defects
Posted on 12th January 2014
There are two main categories of birth defects.
Structural Birth Defects
Structural birth defects are related to a problem with the structure of body parts. These can include:
Cleft lip or cleft palate
Heart defects, such as missing or misshaped valves
Abnormal limbs, such as a clubfoot
Neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, and problems related to the growth and development of the brain and spinal cord
Functional or Developmental Birth Defects
Functional or developmental birth defects are related to a problem with how a body part or body system works or functions. These problems can include:
Nervous system or brain problems.These include intellectual and developmental disabilities, behavioral disorders, speech or language difficulties, seizures, and movement trouble. Some examples of birth defects that affect the nervous system include Down syndrome, Prader-willi syndrome and Fragile X syndrome.
Sensory problems. Examples include hearing loss and visual problems, such as blindness or deafness.
Metabolic disorders. These involve problems with certain chemical reactions in the body, such as conditions that limit the body’s ability to rid itself of waste materials or harmful chemicals. Two common metabolic disorders are phenylketonuria and hypothyroidism.
Degenerative disorders. These are conditions that might not be obvious at birth but cause one or more aspects of health to steadily get worse. Examples of degenerative disorders are muscular dystrophy and X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, which leads to problems of the nervous system and the adrenal glands and was the subject of the movie "Lorenzo’s Oil."
Some birth defects affect many parts or processes in the body, leading to both structural and functional problems.
This information focuses on structural birth defects, their causes, their prevention, and their treatment. Functional/developmental birth defects are addressed more completely in the intellectual and developmental disabilities content.
My advise
1....I have seen number of birth defects since 43 years. Their parents are very sad.
2...I believe in PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE. Every couple can prevent birth defects by taking proper pre-cautions.
3... Structural birth defects are physical abnormalities that occur when a baby’s body doesn’t develop normally in the womb. Most structural defects occur in the earliest weeks of pregnancy when the baby’s organs and skeleton are forming.
4..  In most cases the cause of the defect is unknown. Factors that may increase your risk of having a baby with a structural birth defect include:
  • Infections during pregnancy
  • Exposure to certain medications, chemicals, or other agents before or during pregnancy
  • Smoking, drinking alcohol or using recreational drugs during pregnancy
  • Uncontrolled diabetes, hypertensions and obesity
  • Lack of folic acid and other nutrients
5...  Functional or developmental birth defects occur when there is a problem with how a body part or body system works. These developmental birth defects can lead to nervous system or brain problems that result in learning disabilities, mental retardation, behavioral disorders, and speech or language difficulties. Again, most people recognize these problems along with physical deformations as what birth defects are, but fail to recognize less noticeable but often just as debilitating metabolic or internal structural defects. Autism, Down syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, muscular dystrophy and cerebral palsy are some examples of functional or developmental birth defects
6..     Unlike structural or functional defects, metabolic birth defects involve inborn abnormalities of the body’s chemistry and affect about one in every 3,500 babies. This type of defect can involve a body process or chemical pathway or reaction, such as processes that rid the body of waste materials or harmful chemicals. While metabolic birth defects can be harmful and even fatal, they may not cause any outwardly noticeable abnormalities in the child. Examples of metabolic disorders include phenylketonuira (PKU) and congenital hypothyroidism.
7... Your positive thing, your life style etc...will avoid maximum birth defects.
8... You can avoid all kinds of birth defects with Oxygen, Water and Healthy food.
9.... Now wait to welcome your healthy child
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